Surgical planning/navigation-enhancement system

Surgical planning and navigation-enhancement systems are computer-assisted devices that enable planning and provide intraoperative guidance during open or percutaneous surgical procedures , displaying virtual 3D or 2D images from CT sources and overlaying segmented datasets with patient anatomy to support intraoperative analysis . These systems are used across diverse surgical contexts where stereotaxic surgery is appropriate and rigid anatomical structures can be identified, including spine procedures such as posterior pedicle screw placement, dental implant procedures, and pulmonary endoscopic interventions .